cbv-editores.com

In 2002, spent 25 million USED for their 2-year CARS aerogram called “Campaign for nursing future” with advertisement, recruitment materials, special events, public relation and a dedicated website to react to a nursing shortage in the United States. This campaign helped to improve the reputation of the nursing profession and increased enrolment in nursing school by 8 per cent (Alexander, 2009) Entering Vietnam in 1995, showed an early lead in the consumer healthcare products and medical devices market.

J&J only develops pharmaceutical sectors in Vietnam with ethical product within the last 10 years. Oncology is a new approach of in Vietnam with the Gating- the blockbuster which just entered Vietnamese oncology market in Q-201 3. Gating is still in its first stage of life cycle and have opportunity to grow in this competitive oncology market with not only other brand name products but also with the appearance of generics, and bio similar ones. 1 . SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 1. MARKET OVER VIEW According to AIMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics, in 2013, the global market of oncology hit $91 billion, and every year it’s growing gradually at 5% with CARR of 6% (AIMS, 2014). Despite the fact that Vietnam is just the small racket, it is accounted for the highest CARR in cancer market, at 25% (AIMS, 201 1). According to Global 2012, Vietnam is estimated to have the prostate cancer incidence of 32; there is an estimation of 1 500 prostate cancer patients admitted to hospital every year.

Sales of prostate cancer treatments are set to increase 4% each year (forecast by AIMS Health) with contribution mostly from chemotherapy and hormonal therapy. In Q 2013, Gating entered the prostate cancer medicine market in Vietnam as a blockbuster medication with the sales of 6. 1 billion VEND in 2014, accounted for 2% market share of total cancer market. J Vietnam, 2014) Gating is the first medication in prostate cancer market that inhibits the COPY-17 enzyme complex required for androgen biosynthesize in the testes, adrenal glands and circulating tumor cells.

Gating is indicated with oppression or prepositions for the treatment of metastasis castration resistant prostate cancer in adult men whose disease has progressed on or after a doctorate-based chemotherapy regimen. With this indication, there are about 50 potential patients for Gating. Figure 1 Epidemiological perspective on Prostate cancer (Global, 2012) 1. 2 MARCO-ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS Political/ Legal impact In Vietnam, pharmaceutical market is governed by Vietnamese Ministry of Health (MOM, 2013) and the co-payment scheme is applied between patients and Health Insurance systems.

The scale of treatment cost being paid by patients and Health Insurance depends on types of diseases and the regimens of treatment. With normal diseases, Health Insurance covers 80% of the treatment cost and patients are responsible for the rest, but with high cost of treatments which include oncology drugs, Health Insurance covers only 50%. This may encourage physicians to prescribe alternatives to the high cost anti-inhibitor therapy like Gating. Economic impact According to KEMP (2012), the population of Vietnam is 86 million with only 14. Million are in the middle class, which are predicted to be double in size between now and 2020 (Boston Consulting Group, 2013). As a result of this development, more patients and families who concerned about quality of life can be able to afford high cost treatments. Social & environmental impact According to Global (201 2), Prostate cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers in Vietnam and the risk of prostate cancer increases with age, especially after age 50. With the development of economic, median age of

Vietnamese is increasing and as the number of men diagnosed of prostate cancer is increasing every year (MOM, 2013). Hence, the prostate cancer market is still a promising one. Technological impact Getting along with the development of technology, there is a variety of test for detecting prostate cancer like AS blood test, digital rectal examination, prostate biopsy, MR.. Scan, CT scan, bone scan with or without X-rays, ultrasound scan, urine flow test… Therefore, patients can be informed about their cancer in an early stage and have suitable choice for their treatment. 1. 3 MICRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

Threat of new entrants: LOW The threat of new entrants to pharmaceutical market, especially in oncology market in Vietnam is seen as low, since there is high entry barriers due to cost associated with research and development of new drugs, clinical study of existing drugs, since medicine IS a special product, which affects health and life of patients. Moreover, the drug registration and patent protection also set barriers to new comers. In prostate cancer market, Gating is the only medicine in androgen inhibitor therapy section, in the next few year, there will be other drugs entering the market but not in the same section.

In the mean time, there is no threat of new entrants for Gating. Figure 2. Competitive situation over the next few year (J Vietnam, 2014) The threat of substitutes – LOW Since oncology products effect directly to patients’ life, there is low threat Of substitutes as all therapy for cancer, especially prostate cancer must follow guidelines from Ministry of Health – Vietnam The bargaining power of buyers – HIGH MOM, hospitals and Health Insurance can make a pressure on Pharmaceutical companies to reduce drug price.

Further more, oncology products are being set different standard for quota and reimbursement rate (only 50% for the attends with 3 consecutive years of Medicare) from other products in pharmaceutical market. Oncologists and Urologists also have the power to influence patients on the choice of regimens/ products, which is related to drugs efficacy, Health Insurance status of patients and hospital’s budget to spend on treatment.

Physicians play an important role in decision-making, therefore they are main buyers in pharmaceutical markets Patients are the ones who make last decision about choosing the right treatment for them after receiving consultation from doctors, considering their own budget for the appropriate regimens. The bargaining power of suppliers – LOW The product of must be standardized, so established internal suppliers for their own products worldwide and the source of ingredients is sustainable.

Since sales for the pharmaceutical industry is concentrated, the bargaining power of suppliers is decreased. Rivalry- HIGH COMPETITIVE In 2014, Gating account for just 2% market share of national value of cancer treatment with 6. 1 billion VEND. Gating just entered the market for the first year but this is the only medicine in androgen inhibitor therapy section. Figure 3. 2014 National value contribution (AIMS, 2014) 1.

SOOT ANALYSIS Strengths Weaknesses with 3 sectors: pharmaceutical, consumer health care, medical devices has brings the agility to leverage on diverse experience, J also has an image of an ethical company with high quality products Strong efficacy & safe adverse events profile data in clinical trials (overall survival 4. Ms) (J, 2013) Oral administration – ability to transfer care into the community/primary;y care If rest-to-market of anti-NIH Bator therapy Stigmas uptake depends on referral & collaboration of urologist/ Oncologist Awareness of Gating and Janssen/J in Oncology is low in prostate cancer

Healthcare professional community Premium price vs.. Chemotherapy only Opportunities The retreats MOM priorities are reducing health inequalities, supporting cancer awareness, better controlling of cancer patient management, supporting earlier detection and self-management of patients Strong early interest from Sols in VAN to incorporate Gating in hospital formulates & guidelines Strong drive in the clinical community for newer innovative cancer meds.

Increasing number of prostate cancer being diagnosed and treated (AIMS, 2014) Reimbursement butte is being cut down MOM priorities are collector cancer, breast cancer and lung cancers vs.. Roseate cancer (Lack of awareness. Cultural) Lack of robust diagnosis and monitor Eng for micro patients uncertainty collaboration with Urologist and Oncologist New competitors are entering the prostate cancer market 2.

SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING Segmentation: The only segmentation Of prostate cancer market that Gating aims at is metastasis castration resistant prostate cancer in adult men whose disease has progressed on or after a doctorate;based chemotherapy regimen. Targeting: Due to high cost treatment, J/ Gating mainly targets at middle to high class who can afford the medicine. Positioning: Gating is off to fast start, racking up blockbuster status in the oncology market, offering a new treatment in patients who have failed chemotherapy. Ignitions itself as a responsible company which promotes advanced biologic products especially in Oncology by sponsoring scientific oncology congresses, running Cancer Sockeye’s national campaigns, developing educational program for doctors and patients. 3. OBJECTIVES In this marketing plan, J&J/ Gating aim to achieve financial, marketing and CARS objectives including: Achieve 9. 6 billion VEND sales of Gating by the end of 201 5, 57% growth vs.. 2014 Gain 50% market share of post-chemotherapy attends in 201 5, aiming to achieve 40% market share of hormonal therapy in 201 8 with pre-chemotherapy indication.

Raise awareness of prostate cancer in the community for 50% of Vietnamese population, build the image of as a responsible, ethical company by caring, one person at a time to help people live longer, healthier, happier. 4. STRATEGY AND TACTICS Objective Strategy Tactics If uncial Secure and maintain funding – Accelerate access to Health Insurance funding for willing payers – Robust value proposition on Gating -Keep and strengthen relationship with Oncologist/ Urologist – Achieve

National List of Essential Drugs and hospital tender inclusion Marketing – Establish Gating as backbone therapy – Deliver relevant value to stakeholder network – Drive relevant optimal care pathway -Achieve 1st line positioning in post chemo therapy -Establish strong presence & value in Healthcare network, robust go-to- market readiness in pre chemo setting -Partnership with professional groups to drive optimal national care pathway, empower customers to drive and own health solutions CARS Run “Men United” community campaign -public activities: fundraising events -Conferences for healthcare professionals Events on social media: TV, internet… . PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES “Men United – Keep friendships alive” community campaign (2015-2016) Key message: “We believe men deserve better and we fight against prostate cancer” Target audience: Vietnamese population, Oncologists, Urologists, Health Insurance Board, Patient Support Groups.

Activities: In association with Vietnam Ministry of Health, launches “Men United” program to conduct monthly activities: – Educational activities in key oncology hospitals, urology hospitals – Fundraising events: running, walking, cycling among office workers to help prostate cancer patients – Prostate cancer clubs or patients to share their knowledge, experiences and together participate specific activities – Campaign to raise awareness about AS (prostate specific antigen) test for men: at what age to test, how often to test – Scientific conferences for healthcare professionals with international and national oncologists.

Promotional materials: Brochures/ leaflets/ bandoleer to deliver to doctors during field visits and congresses. Celebrity endorsement: Through social activities like running cycling, walking… There will be celebrity representatives who has strong reputation in Vietnamese population to interact with participants, social medias in some sessions. Social channels selected for the campaign: – TV channel: VT, HTTP (the national channels) -Social media: Backbone, Twitter, Youth, online newspapers -Company website -Search engine: Being, Google 6. MEASUREMENTS AND CONTROL Metric Gating to achieve 9. Billion VEND by end of 2015 Measure monthly sales of Gating in VEND Marketing Gating to achieve 50% market share of post chemo patients Measure quarterly sales in VEND divided by total industry sales Establish Gating as backbone therapy Measure the number and frequency prescription for Gating shifting from homoeopathy only quarterly Deliver relevant value to stakeholder network Measure the awareness of Urologist/ Oncologist/ MOM/ Health Insurance about Gating quarterly Corporate Social Responsibility campaign Raise awareness of prostate cancer in the community for 50% Of Vietnamese population Measure awareness among target audience before and after each activity 300 attendants for each fundraising event, raise at least 100,000,000 VEND Calculate the number of attendants and money donated after each activity 5 Prostate cancer patients clubs with weekly activities Calculate the number of clubs formed and activities conducted weekly 80% of argue audience attend the scientific congresses Calculate the number of attendants after each scientific conference Raise awareness of AS test for 100% men in the campaign Measure awareness among participants before and after the campaign Community interest Calculate the number of likes, shares, comments, views, subscribers in social networks, number of participants in each of fundraising events. 7. RECOMMENDATION Corporate Social Responsibility is vital to the business, especially in pharmaceutical market where its products (medicines, medical devices… ) have direct effects on people’s health and life.

With the Credo culture since 1943, long before anyone ever heard the term CARS, stated that ‘”We are responsible to the communities in which we live and work and to the world community as well… We must encourage civic improvements and better health and education… We must maintain in good order the property we are privileged to use, protecting the environment and natural resources. “, has a step forward in building its image as a social responsible, ethical company. Albeit the advantage of being the leader in Consumer healthcare and Medical device, pharmaceutical/ oncology is still just enter the market, and these CARS campaign can help to gain its societal objective as well as build its image in oncology field.

There are some recommendations J&J’s marketing strategy as: – Offering reasonable cost for AS testing: is recommended to cooperate with a AS test center to give financial support for the test, enable men to detect prostate cancer at the early stage and have appropriate treatment – Sponsoring for clinical researches in Oncology/ Urology hospitals to conduct studies comparing results of Chemotherapy alone and Chemotherapy followed by Gating and prepositions. This will strengthen inference of oncologist/ urologist in taking Gating as a reliable treatment for prostate cancer patients in Vietnam as most of clinical trials are now conducting oversea and there are still no assessments on Vietnamese patients. -Associating with international organization like Prostate Cancer LIKE, Prostate cancer Foundation to promote the community activities in large scale. In conclusion, CARS campaign is essential for pharmaceutical to gain success in promoting new products.

The Discrimination Act (1992) and Human Rights Act (1998) govern some of the principles of inclusively, diversity and discrimination based on culture, age, race, sex, ethnic and economic backgrounds and disabilities. A definition of inclusive learning is taken from the Open University website and refers to the Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education (CASE) (University, 2010): “Inclusion means enabling all dents to participate fully in the life and work of mainstream settings, whatever their needs. Further examination of the CASE (CASE, 2010) website illustrates the broader social and institutional context of inclusive practice. Teachers, management, support staff and parents need to coordinate and minimize potential issues that may exclude students, systematically by adopting policies and procedures to work together.

Teachers and other staff may through exclusion set lower goals or have lower expectations for students with disabilities or difficulties. A fundamental shift in thinking is that capabilities are not causing exclusion, it is system design and people therein that are disabling not the student. Another fundamental shift is the move from integration to inclusion. Integration implies moving a student into an environment whereas inclusion is a more seismic change in terms of policy, planning and curriculum to involve the student. Of particular importance within education is the inclusion of children with learning difficulties or learning disabilities.

In 2001, the Special Educational Needs and Disabilities Act (SENDS) modified and became part of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (DAD). The act requires institutions to change their practice by anticipating the changes they need to make and to be proactive in making them. Figure 1- A list of the Main Legislative Acts Relating to Diversity and Equality A definition of learning disabilities is taken from the National Center for Learning Disabilities (NCSC, 201 0): “Learning disabilities (OLD) are neurological disorders that can make it difficult to acquire certain academic and social skills. Whether you’re a parent, educator, or an adult with OLD. Learning about OLD will help you support your child’s or your own success in learning and life.

A learning difficulty need not necessarily be a developmental disability. However, many children that do have learning difficulties have additional developmental disorders – see Table 1 . Specific Learning Difficulties Range of Developmental Disabilities Dyslexia is only one of a group of difficulties that may include Dysphasia: writing difficulty Dysphasia: motor difficulties Disqualify: a difficulty performing mathematical calculations Attention deficit disorder, or attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADD or ADD): concentration difficulties with heightened activity levels and impulsiveness Espalier’s syndrome and autism: emotional behavior or even social communication difficulties.

Nervous system disabilities Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (Ids) Down syndrome Fragile X syndrome Autism Spectrum Disorders Sensory-related disabilities Metabolic Disorders Degenerative Disorders Table 1 -? A range of Learning Difficulties and Developmental Disabilities Inclusion has benefits to both mainstream students and those that have a disability¶y’. Social stigmas are broken down and other students then learn about disabilities and disabled, students are not marginal’s ,but instead integrated into a wider social context. Learning disorders affect a significant number of people within the population and as a teacher it is vital that their needs are taken into account when planning the delivery of a subject.

As Petty (2009, pap) states for these to be inclusive the teacher needs to address their needs by: Individualized assessment of their present skills and abilities An individual plan focused on learning related to their everyday live Deliberate and intensive teaching focused on clear goals Furriness’s methods (Bernstein, 1 980) – e. G. Bridging As Petty (2009, pap) highlights discrimination applies to our inbuilt set of references and filters and can create false impressions. The teacher therefore is involved in not just the learning process but the teaching methods; motivation; emotional, moral development and teacher-student relationship. Principles underlying inclusively in practice are met by presenting communications in multiple ways to suit the needs of learners. Learners should have the ability to express themselves through a number of mediums and activities incorporated for group interaction (without prejudice or isolation).

Some learners will require more reinforcement than others. One of he key aspects of devising engaging material is novel perspectives from which to approach the subject. This can keep learners engaged and maintain interest. The amount of novelty, reinforcement, variety, and surprise needs tailoring to the level and nature of the subject. Many of the changes to practice and reform within an educational setting may only require adjustments to the environment; however cognitive disabilities such as ADD may be disruptive for teachers and other pupils. Students may suffer loss of confidence if teachers and peers are intolerant of such a cognitive disability.

If institutions implement changes, but do not train people and involve them in the change process, then there is a danger it will be ineffective and potentially detrimental to students with learning difficulties or disabilities. What is learning? There are no clear definitions Of learning. In reviewing definitions for learning there are a number of common themes which vary in their expression: 1 . Learning is a process of gaining knowledge and skills 2. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior based on an individual’s experience 3. Learning is a change in behavior gained from the acquisition and assimilation of stimulus from the environment These perspectives differ due to the many frameworks that can be used to model learning e. G. Communication, memory, behavior….

Psychology, which is the study of the mind and how it works, offers the broadest base of knowledge on learning as a process. Different schools of psychology can offer lenses or perspectives to view and improve our teaching and for opportunities to examine inclusively. Learning is a complex process and each individual may go through the process of learning in different ways. It is the aim of this essay to expand upon the theories covering learning and to evaluate assumptions to learning and teaching. We can start by reviewing the humanistic view of Mascots hierarchy which characterizes learning as a basis for self development. Mason’s model includes extrinsic e. G. Wider social, health, wellness and intrinsic factors within as illustrated in Figure 2.

We must remember that education and learning have far wider social and political implications for society (social integration, welfare, economic independence, family… ). Figure 2 – Mascots Hierarchy of needs (each layer is sequentially attained once the needs of the previous layer are fulfilled) Factor Review and inclusively Motivation Moscow (Moscow, 1962) proposed a model of hierarchical motivational factors each or which precede the other (sequentially). Students attitudes and motivations matter and affect their development – Expectancy Value Theory (Petty, 2009,vii, 614 p. ) p. 60. Motivation = Expectancy x Value; the lower the score the lower the motivation.

Keller (Keller, 1987,2-10) proposes that attention is connected to motivation and uses the model of ARCS (attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction). Self actualization as a concept is hard o define. For practical purposes the lower physiological form the basis for potential barriers to inclusion – the need to have a safe learning environment, social support, economic help if from deprived background, feedback in equal measure to others to promote self esteem. Encouragement and feedback to ensure equally that learners have the ability to develop their confidence and learn; also to develop their social skills. Social-economic background Social and educational backgrounds of parents affects children’s achievements.

Life factors and events essay been looking at the case study of Vera Ibises life, have noticed that Vera has had many factors that have potentially affected her development. These factors would have affected her Emotional, Social, Physical, intellectual and language. Some on the factors I will be talking about are Genetic, Biological, Environmental, Socioeconomic and Lifestyle. So in this essay I will be pointing at out the factors that have affected her development and will be telling you the factors have affected her life. I will also be picking out two predicable and unpredictable events in her life.

Going through the case study have noticed that biological factors has effect the development of Vera, this happen because she lost her love one in the war, however during this time she was pregnant her diet was poor and she suffered from several infections. This would have affected her physical development as she was getting many infections; this would of weaker her immune system especially if she was not having a good diet. This would have also affected her emotional development, as she was pregnancy so she will be going through development of new hormones, she would have been tried and maybe in main as she lost her love one.

This might have also affected her social development because if she had serial infection she would have had to be in the hospital a lot to keep her and the baby healthy. I have also picked out socioeconomic factors that has effect the development of Vera, this happen because she got seriously ill when she was 13 and missed a lot of time at school by the time she got back to school her friends socially isolated and by age of fourteen she left school with no qualifications.

This would have affected her intellectual development as she missed a lot of time from school s well as leaving school at the age of 14 with no qualifications, this would have meant that she would find it hard to find a job and earn money. This would also have affected her social and emotional development as her peer groups had isolated her, this would have knocked her confidence down, as her peer groups isolated her means she wouldn’t be socializing with anyone her age, this could make it hard for her to make friends in the future. Eve kept looking through Vera case study and I have noticed that environmental factors have effect the development of Vera, this happen cause she had to share a room with her three sister, they also had to move in to their grandma’s house what was cramped, cold and damp. This would have affected her Physical development as she this cause her to get ill and develop asthma, that could lead to get worst through the life stages. This could also affect her Social and emotional development as she has to share a room with three sisters, this would have meant that she had no privacy and no space when she want to be on her own.

At Vera age Children like to have their friends round, however there was no space for them. I have also kicked out lifestyle factor that has effected the development of Vera, this happen because when Vera was in later adulthood Alan died, this lead her to comfort eat and she rarely left the house. She also left the house to become dirty and smelly. This would have an affected her physical, emotional and social development. This is because she has let her physical appearance down by not washing, she was comfort eating so it would have affect for body, and this could of lead her to get diabetes, or give heart disease.

This would also affect for social development as she doesn’t want to leave the souse, this means that she hasn’t got anyone visiting her and she not going out the visit any friends either. She would also be very emotional as her partner died, leading to decline in life. This means that she keeps in a cycle that she doesn’t what to break. Both emotional and social link together as this will lead her to become very depression, because she hasn’t got anyone there to get her out of it. The last factor have found the Vera case study is Genetic factors; Genetic factors have had an affected on the development of Vera.

This is because when Vera was younger she develops Asthma from the indention she was living in. When she development asthma she constantly needed treatment for this condition, which her family couldn’t afford. This would of affect her physical development as she constantly needed treatment, this shows that she is very ill and it would be affecting her cardiovascular system. This could have affected her emotional development as she would be upset, as she could do the same as all the children at her age as she is constantly being ill.

As you could see this would affect her social and intellectual as if her Asthma was really bad she would be missing time from school not giving her the time to make friends or learn. I think that that most factors in Vera life happen through the way she was nurture. I think this because she was brought up in a family that isolated her more than her other sisters. When she started school, she didn’t do well, so her parent used to hit. This would have left her emotionally unsustainable. When she was in childhood everyone started to leave her out and the conditions of the house wasn’t good.

Later in childhood she develops asthma with could have been genetic so she would have been nature. When Vera was in adulthood she went to org and fell in love, however he died this left her stressed. However when get married she push through her past and changed to become different to her parents until her husband died. That pushes her to be emotional. Through the later stages so push herself to not be like her parent and move in to her daughter giving Vera what she needed and wanted through life.

A life event can change the pathway of our lives, affecting our personal development. Some major changes in life can be predicted and even chosen, whiles others may be unpredicted. Predictable life events, such as starting school, going through retiring from work. Unpredictable life events, such as sudden illness or injury, the death of a friend or relative. Starting school is a predictable life event; however it can have an influence on development. Firstly it would have affected intellectual development as she will have to learn new things and will need to remember people names.

It would also affect emotional development as Vera had to become more independent and would have had many emotions such as being scared nervous. Starting school means it allows person to makes friends. In school Vera learnt how to sake friends however when Vera got ill her friends isolated her from the group. This made it hard to keep friend in the future. Leaving home is an predictable life event this has a effect on physical development as Vera has to develop new skills and learn to control the changes of diet. You also learn how to plan your life and bills that affected you intellectual development.

It would also affect your emotional and social development as you could feel lonely and living own your own will give you social life or won’t. Most people will have an illness in their life; however these are not always serious. Vera suffers from many health conditions such as asthma and she also had a serious illness when she was 13 and lost all of weight. Vera social life since she had this health condition had drop as her friend isolated. As we get older you change as a person, this means relationship happens a relationship can grow stronger or can get weaker.

In Vera case her and her first love was not married; however she was pregnant with his children when he died. This left Vera to become stressed and who diet changed. Later after Vera lost her lover, she moved away and got married to Alan. She and Alan sort their life gather until he had a heart attack and died, this left Vera weak she never left the house and she comfort ate. “Nature versus nurture is a psychology terms related to whether heredity or the environment most impacts human psychological development (Behavior, habits, intelligence, personality, sexuality, aggressive, tendencies and so on). [Cliffs notes, 2013] Many theorists believe what we have inherited and our genes, makes us the way we are and how we develop. Other theorists believe it is the way we are brought up and our experiences, that make us the way we are and how we develop. Vera Brisket development had connections with both nature genetics also nurture, environment. Both life stages childhood and adulthood shows Vera life events such as Physical abuse when she was a child then later on in her adult life she used to break down easier and give up.

This shows that nurture had the main impact on Vera life as it was the environment and people within her surroundings who gave her a negative childhood. Vera emotional development was the greatest life stage that had the largest effect on her life and later events that took place. Nurture has the greatest effect on Vera. Her life went from bad then to good then back to bad. When she was a in childhood and her mother and father used to hit her and tell her she wasn’t good enough, and all the friends she made isolated her. Later on she settled and got married.

Then in Later adulthood her husband died. This shows that although Vera went from starting off bad to good the bad came back later on to live with her daughter where she lives to be happy. Vera social development was influenced by nurture. The environment and people within Vera life affected her with her educations. Vera had a lot of people who was always putting her down. Vera wasn’t highly popular and had no friends within her life when she was in childhood this was all due to nurture, as her family didn’t us port her or her friends.

Vera upbringing was very dysfunctional she was bought up by her mother and father, growing up Vera experienced a Physical abuse from her mother and father until her father died. The family then moved the grandma house where she was also neglected by her grandma as Vera wasn’t her favorite. In her adolescence Vera intellectual development was affected by the nature debate as during this period as she was very ill and had develop asthma, she had to leaving school at fourteen with no qualification, however she succeeded in getting a job working in factory that built aircraft. This job enabled her to learn new skills and allow her to make her own money. Vera was able to form emotional bonds with people in her life; she began a relationship with her first lover. Vera didn’t get married to her first love because he died, however finding out she was pregnant with his children, this lead to become stressed.

How do I see myself ten years later The way see myself ten years ahead of now is not something I often ponder about. To be honest, it scares me a little to know that in one short decade will be thirty years old, and that my years of youth will be coming to an end. One thing I am certain of, is that if God gives me the opportunity to get to that age, I will make the most of my years and put all of my effort to become a successful and happy woman. Am now in my fifth semester of Diploma in Medical Lab Technology at PPTP College, Koala Termagant and will be graduating in June next year.

As any other College student, am now facing the big question of life that seems to be asked by many and that question would be where do you see yourself in ten years. As I reflect on my childhood I have had many dreams and aspirations that I would like to accomplish within the next ten years of my life. In ten years I can see myself having many of my goals accomplished, if not accomplished, I will be working on accomplishing those goals to fulfill my life. Academically, see myself having completed my degree In Human Biology or

Medical Biotechnology and working with a reputable Pharmaceutical Company such as Pfizer in the ongoing research of oncology which is the study of cancer. It has been my life-long dream to be involved in cancer research ever since my grandmother passed away from breast cancer. I see myself developing new drugs in the treatment of cancer. Moreover, I also see myself doing part time Masters in Oncology in an Ivy League university such as Princeton in the United States of America. In ten years, I will obviously be married.

I see myself being married to a tall, dark and handsome doctor or engineer from Malaysia but who is settled well in New Zealand or Australia, a man of good charisma and personality, who loves me unconditionally and accepts me for who am. I also see myself with a man who is a little possessive as it feels good to know that someone is afraid of losing me. I also see myself being blessed with an adorable pair of twins, a girl and a boy whom I will shower with all the love my heart can muster.

I also see myself being financially sound and being able to travel all ever the world with my husband and indulging in gourmet food as well as the local cuisine of each country I visit especially Korea because have heard their food is really scrumptious. I also wish to own a tree house in Hawaii as my holiday home with a private beach where I can unwind and enjoy the breeze. As for my permanent residence, I do not wish to own a large house, but a simple apartment or cottage overlooking the countryside will do for me.

I wish to settle in New Zealand or Australia as I love the cool weather there and he four seasons be it winter , summer, spring or autumn. I also see myself owning my dream car which is an Audio sports car. Moreover, I will buy my parents a bungalow to live in Koala Lump and send them on a Mediterranean cruise as I wouldn’t be where am today without their sacrifices in bringing me up. I also dream of setting up my own charitable organization for children with cancer called Cure Cancer that will provide financial aid to children with cancer in collaboration with EUNICE.

In conclusion, ten years from now, see myself as a strong, independent, lately, and happy woman, and I am aware that the only person that can get me there is myself by putting all the passion, effort and determination I have in everything do. My cousin once told me the only person that can keep you from becoming who you want to be is yourself. The biggest obstacle have to fight against is me and I believe that will be strong enough to defeat my fears and weaknesses. I also believe that life is measured by the moments that take your breath away and that with an open heart and a strong mind, success will be within my reach.

Conflicts arise naturally in every arena Of our daily life. Every organization encounters conflict on a daily basis. The aim of the study was to know how conflict is being managed in an organization. Case study approach with quantitative and qualitative methods was chosen because the study strategy involves a systematic investigation into Nubians as an organization. The study was also carried out through questionnaires and interviews of management and staff of Nubians-Adam Kumara.

A sample size of 20 employees were selected out of 50 populations in Nubians using simple and sampling technique for the distribution of questionnaires and interviewed three department managers. It emerged that perceived conflict occurs because of ignorance, poor communication, and lack of proper personnel management. Actual conflict generally occurs when there are multiple paths to accomplish the same goal. The commendations were that, management should focus on encouraging democratic representation in the choice of leaders and should also strive to treat the employees in the best possible way.

It is something that cannot be avoided. It happens on the job, between groups, in our society, within families and right in the middle of our most personal relationships. But it is possible to manage them when recognize them on time. It is necessary to continuously track the organizational signals which point to their existence. If we do not react duly, this can lead to the situation that the conflict will negatively affect the organization. Conflict occurs between people in all kinds of human relationships and in all social settings.

As we grow older, experiences grew together with us. Good afternoon, sir. I am Eunice and today I would like to talk about my most memorable experience. During the December holiday, my father brought my whole family to Sunday Lagoon. The attractions that I like the most were Scream Park, Extreme Park and Water Park. I didn’t like amusement park and wild life park because I felt that it was board playing in those parks. In Scream Park, We had to walk around inside the place for 20 minutes.

The workers there disguised as ghost or zombies, they would suddenly jump into our way or chased us. When all of us were walking inside, my sister and I saw ghost standing at the corner, and we thought that it is just trying to scare us, so we slow down and stared at it. Suddenly the ghost ran toward us, we were shock and started to scream and ran away. Even my father that was walking behind me screamed very loud and ran as fast as he could. We thought that 20 minutes have already past but it was just the starting.

There would have some zombies that lock inside some cages and they would suddenly shout at us. After 20 minutes walking inside, we saw the word “exit’. All of us felt relief because we thought that it was over, but suddenly there was a zombie loading a chainsaw running toward us, all of us scream immediately and ran out. Another park that like the most was Extreme Park. It was really exciting there. We played most of the games and the game that I liked the most is the Bungee Trampoline. It was really exciting and fun there.

It is almost twelve when we finish playing in Extreme Park; we had our lunch at station 1 . After enjoy eating our lunch, we went to amusement park and wild life park. We only spent 30 minutes there because wild life park are just basically a lot of animals, and amusement park is similar with Extreme Park, but is was more suitable for young kids to play. The only game that found exciting in amusement park is the roller coaster. It was quiet exciting and I was just screaming for the whole time. The worse game is the candy land.

It was made for the young kid and it was really childish. After that, we move on to Water Park. There are many exiting games on water. The best game is the waterwheel AD Firstly, we went in and sat on the chair that were prepaid for us. Suddenly, the light switch off and water splashing on us from different direction. The show is about we were sitting on the roller coaster and we go through a lot of different adventures. The show takes about 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, all Of us were really wet. This was the best game that I had played today.

After playing in the water park, it was already time to go home. I realized that became beerier. In the past, whenever I saw these types of games, I will immediately tell myself that I am not going to play these, but that day when saw those games I felt exciting and wanted play. This trip is really a memorable experience to me because I did not expect that it was so fun that I didn’t even feel like going home. Another reason was my family seldom spent times go to theme park together and this trip all of us were together.

Advantages and disadvantages of communications technology Communication Technology is term that describes any communication device or application encompassing any of the following: mobile phones, TV, radio, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems, as well as videoconferencing and distance learning. Communication Technology is more prevalent in our lives than ever before in both personal and business situations. It is estimated that if Backbone was a country, it would have more citizens than People’s Republic of China.

It has to be noted that in today’s oral, people rely more heavily on email or fax than more traditional channels such as regular post. Companies use teleconferencing and email extensively in order to communicate both: quickly and efficiently in order to sustain their competitive advantage. It goes without saying that communication technology has numerous advantages; however, it does not come without its costs. Advantages: Time: Employing communication technologies saves time for both: individuals and businesses.

In business world time equals money; therefore it is essential or any company to have a reliable and efficient communication channel. Email ticks all the boxes as it is quick, effective as well as cost efficient. Equally, it is widely used by millions of people worldwide in their social environment Access: Communications technology brings unlimited possibilities in terms of access to quality education, cost effective shopping as well as anytime banking.

It is especially important to those who would normally be excluded from traditional forms of those activities such as the kissable (e-learning), businesspeople with hectic schedules (online shopping and teleconferencing) or individuals working long hours (anytime banking, social media such as Twitter or Backbone) Costs: Employing communications technology can significantly reduce cost to individuals and businesses. Sending an email costs no more than a monthly broadband subscription whereas postal costs can be quite excessive.

Similarly, shopping online is likely to be cheaper than going to traditional high street shops. Moreover, cost e-colleges offer cheaper tuition fees and increased flexibility compared to traditional universities. Disadvantages: Information security: We all know that computers and smartness are prone to viruses and hacker attacks. Using communication technologies can compromise our personal and sensitive data such as credit card or bank details or companies’ intellectual properties and confidential information. Everyone can increase their online safety by investing in quality antivirus software and a good firewall.

Social isolation: Increased online presence means that traditional forms of contacts such as personal visits are greatly reduced in numbers. Psychologists have already warned that lack of social interaction among children can adversely affect their social and intellectual development. It can also lead to diminished interpersonal skills among adults. Malfunction: Like any modern technology, computers, servers or networks do stop to work from time to time. Equipment malfunctions can be especially costly to businesses. If airline’s website crashes for a day, it can potentially lead to millions worth of lost revenue.

To conclude, communications technologies are both useful and important in our day to day lives at present. As discussed, they have the potential to make our lives easier and more convenient. There are; however, certain risks associated with this modern technology and those include data safety and social isolation. I believe that it is important to find the right balance between communications technology and traditional communication channels to ensure that we can both: benefit from the advantages and limit the risks.

Simple Living Give an outline of the attitudes to “Simple Living’ presented in texts 1, 2 and 3. Text I The first perspective on the concept “Living Simple” is from author Elizabeth Scott, “Simple Living Recession-style”, an article from the website About-corn, March 20, 2009. ‘The idea was to pare down and get rid of all the extra “stuff that we think we need, but don’t: extra belongings that clutter our homes, extra activities that pack our schedules to the hilt, extra food that lingers on our waistlines” 1 Living a simple life where you cut down on consumption, org less and make fewer stressful activities can be an alternative to the normal Western lifestyle, where you work hard and spend a lot of hard earned money on food, clothes, traveling and other things.

Elizabeth Scott creates a lot Of attention on the fact that we’re constantly blind sighted by consumerism. “In getting rid of what doesn’t really serve us, we can enjoy what’s really important in life” 2 The simple life is all about cutting everything away in one’s life that one does not need. The idea of simple lifestyle is that it basically leads to a better and healthier life where we grow our friendships ND creativity – and get a better understanding of who we really are.

With the economic crisis the world’s people become in need of simpler lifestyles to save money, therefore Elizabeth does not believe that the economic crisis is such a bad thing by all accounts. Given that people are forced to live simpler lives due to their bad economies, they automatically spend more time with their families and friends, and the possibility to start over with less stress and more meaning in their lives. ‘Mille the simplicity movement had consisted Of people who chose simplicity for its stress- relief and personal-growth infinite, now many people are opting in out of necessity: to save money! 3 So all in all Elizabeth hopes the “Simple living” recession will benefit those who are opting in for a simple life because of finances. Even though its forced upon the people, she believes the benefits are ultimately the same as for those who chooses simplicity for its perks alone (less stress, stronger relationships, and more meaning in life). In this way the economic crisis may actually bring something good with it according to Elizabethan theory about “Simple living’ Text 2 The second perspective on the concept “Simple living” is journalist Judith

Levine, she talks about her book in which Levine describes how she and her partner made it through a year without buying anything that wasn’t necessary. “If you just look inward, anti-consumerism is, like private consumption, a private enterprise. And that’s my objection to it: The way it’s constructed, any. Bay, by a lot of people – not by everyone who’s in the Voluntary Simplicity movement or the anti-consumer movement – it’s seen as something that you do on your own. You have a private reward and a spiritual reward from it, and that’s enough. 4 Judith has a very skeptical opinion awards the concept “Simple living”. Levine is tired of the “consumer” lifestyle in ASSAI, where Americans place great value and recognition in buying things, she believes this has negative consequences for the environment and causes social inequalities not only in the States but in the whole world. Even though overcompensation is dangerous and part of Aqua’s identity Levine does not believe consumption makes you morally bad, but for every purchases there are consequences as stated.

That’s why she believes that the “Simple living’ is not just about who can consume the least as an individual, but instead to always consume in the most fuel-efficient, earth-friendly and socially friendly way. It’s obvious that Levine does not agree with “anti-consumerism” because the term only focuses on the individuals and not the rest of the world, and she does not believe it’s possible to live outside capitalism, when you live in America. “For one thing, it’s hard to do. It’s too much to ask of people to stop consuming stuff all on their own.

The other thing is that it’s not enough. We need great big policy solutions that are both national and international to solve environmental and social problems. ” 5 The way to tackle the environmental degradation and the social inequalities are not through anti- consumers Or green capitalism, its through politics because the selfish mentality that “Simple living” represents is not enough. USA and the rest of the world needs big policy solutions e. G. Limitation regarding advertising. Text 3 The last perspective is from an article “Forget Shorter Showers”, written by Derrick Jensen. Because I take showers, I’m responsible for drawing down aquifers? Well, no. More than 90 percent of the water used by humans is used by agriculture and industry. ” Derrick Jensen is a firm believer that “Simple vying” does not solve the world’s problems at all. He can’t see why personal changes equal political changes. According to Jensen “Simple living” – where individuals conserves water, recycles and generally consumes less, are not enough to make a difference at all. The vast majority of the world’s consumptions come from giant companies, and therefore individual consumption is a small fish in a big sea.

Sense’s belief is that, political activism is better than the concept “Simple living” in relation to solving the high CO emissions and the excessive consumption of resources. “Would NY sane person think dumpster diving would have stopped Hitler? ” 7 He uses this quote to illustrate the importance of political activism as a tool to make a difference because we must follow the example of “real” activists who have had an impact on politics Summary of the outlines So we’ve been introduced to three different perspectives of the concept “Simple living’.

The perspectives contained both positive and negative attitudes compared to “Simple living” Text 1 Text 1 focuses on the simple life and how it’s the right path to a better and healthier life, and that the economic crisis actually could be a good thing, cause it can have the effect to push people towards living a simpler life. Text 2 Text 2 looks to “Simple living” as a positive thing, but has a more critical approach to the issue about the environmental degradation and social inequality, and how “Simple living” easily can become a very selfish project that focuses on the individual’s own little world instead of helping the world.

Text 3 Text 3 has an even more critical approach to “Simple living”. According to text 3 “Simple living’ is a good thing nonetheless it has no effect in the big picture, due to the fact that majority of the world’s consumptions and pollutions are to caused by individuals but by companies and countries. People are encouraged by the author Derrick Jensen to join together politically. The goal is to change the systems that are oppressing the people, destroying the planet and distributing the world’s goods in a very unfair way. . Taking you starting point in text 3 discuss whether “Simple Living’ is a sustainable alternative to Western lifestyle. Derrick Jensen has very strong opinions about how to solve the hot potatoes that is global warming, consumerism and social inequalities. He’s not a supporter of the “Simple living” concept. He has some very strong opposing arguments about the concept. “Even if every person in United States did everything the movie suggested, U. S. Carbon emissions would fall by only 22 percent.

Scientific consensus is that emissions must be reduced by at least 75 percent worldwide. ” 8 BOBS: The movie that’s mentioned is an environmental documentary with former Vice President and Nobel-winner environmentalist AAA Gore. In some ways can agree completely with Derrick Jensen because the big corporations are treating our planet like dirt. We people stand powerless against politicians and companies that are polluting our planet ACH day, but in a way aren’t they just supplying a demand? If we weren’t ostentatious consumers the companies would not have to mass-produce every day.

I’m not defending being an anti-consumer because as Judith Levine wrote in her article “it’s too much to ask people to stop consuming stuff all on their own” 9. Just imagine if “Simple living’ was implanted on today’s society. We would have a majority of part-time workers, who wouldn’t consume anything, because they’re all anti-consumers. The Danish economy would without a doubt collapse. If people don’t spend money as consumers, there onto be any jobs, and if there are no jobs, there isn’t a single soul to pay taxes.

And without taxes the State has no money to spend on welfare, schools, hospitals and roads etc. We live in a liberated Western society and “Simple living’ will not be sustainable method at all. Derrick Jensen and Judith Levine acknowledge that you can’t force people to live simpler lifestyles, and the way to solve this soon-to-be crisis is by getting political influence one way or another. However I’m a firm believer that one must start somewhere -? and I believe everything begins with yourself so in a way I agree with Elizabeth

Scoots “Simple living” and her theory about the “Simple living’ recession. I just think it’s a little bit too extreme, and not at all a sustainable alternative to the Western lifestyle, because we cannot fight systems or corporations as individuals – we must unite. My generation is probably the must polluting generation of all generations, and do believe I have responsibility, but it’s a shared responsibility and if we change the way the inequality, pollution and the ridiculous consumerism are affecting the world. I believe we will have a lot of generations thanking us in the future.

It can be seen from the novel that Ellis realizes her life is controlled by others wherever in Ireland or Brooklyn, however, she does not give any action to change the situation and she just follows the circumstance. But in fact, she feels her life is controlled by others in Ireland more than in Brooklyn. Jobbing suggests us Ellis as a family member has social expectations to meet as well as taking care of herself and her family in the novel. Actually Ellis feels argue pressure to be employed – as a family member feed by her sister and brothers.

Therefore she is taking a job in Miss Kelly’s shop which she was not even agree too, however she only takes this job because “Ellis realizes that she could not turn down the offer. It would be better than nothing and, at the moment, she had nothing. ” She always feels she has no choice, she can only choose let people control her life. On the visit to Lisle’s home, Father Flood like a salesman -? selling the concept of employment in America to Lisle’s family ND persuade her to America by her family soon afterwards because Ellis needs a better job.

It had somehow been tacitly arranged that Ellis would go to America. Father Flood, she believed, had been invited to the house because Rose knew that he could arrange it. ” As Rose does not approve of her job at Miss Kelly’s. “Rose had organized everything. ” Even though America is so far away from Ireland, they still decided let Ellis go. They do not pay lots of attention on Ellis wish to go or not, wish to leave along or not. Ellis does not want to leave home, this point is rather obvious and her mother and sister new but it does not influence anything.

Because she IS a ‘good girl’, she needs to taking care of her family and this sense of sacrifice will forever plague Ellis in Brooklyn as her life there becomes a constant “struggle with the unfamiliar”, but a struggle that takes on many different hues. Like stage- directors, both Rose and her mother control her life – a passive person would never speak her feelings to others, so everyone ignored her opinion. Lisle’s life in America only needs submit to ‘adults’ rules’ and ‘society rules’, its control her life more than others.

Under her guardian Miss Echoes eyes, she should abidance by Miss Shoe’s rules, and also had to follow the rules and regulations of her new job at Barbaric’. It is cruel but real, when Ellis has homesick Miss Fortiori doesn’t allow her to keep work, “But you can’t work here is you’re sad. And of course you’re sad if you’re not with your mother for the first time in your life. But the sadness won’t last, so we will do what we can for you. ” Adults should pay for their behavior and have responsibility for their work.

Everyone in our society need follow these rules, it is not actually enthroned her behavior, however her emotions are controlled by Miss ; , . You are sad, and of course you are sad… ” She is having controlled Fortiori ” . Her emotions and feeling and not even ask Ellis real feeling but deciding that she is sad. On other respect, Tony is another character like control her mind, he keep drop her and control her to marry him, such as “l want our kids to be Dodgers fans. ” Making Ellis feel as though she does not have the control over her life that she could, after she had sex with Tony, ‘society’s rule’ decided her marriage.

Altogether, in Brooklyn Ellis feels her mind is controlled by others more than her life is controlled and almost her life is controlled by “rules”. Cool Jobbing drop us a hit that Brooklyn has more freedom than Ireland. Brooklyn is quite unlike Ireland, more ranger area than Ireland, a majority of people in Brooklyn is Stranger. Only few people can make Ellis feels her life is controlled no more than her Boss, her landlord, maybe add Tony. Although this is society rules that Ellis must be observe. So that Brooklyn is the place with more freedom for Ellis.

Her life in Ireland is controlled by others in past 20 or more years. Everyone in their town know each others, that makes her behavior is more constrained and also makes she in dependence because everyone in their town such like ‘Lisle’s guardian’ and watching her, “Sure the whole town knows you are here you better wear sensible clothes nothing too America now. ” However, she thinks she can’t defy elders who is she obeyed in past 20 years, but all different in Brooklyn. Most people do not know who she is, and do not care who she is.

Less attention but more freedom, so after she backs Ireland he has become a more confident woman and begins to stand up for herself “I have my own clothes” and decline her mothers control. Even though she cannot say ‘no’ to all people want control her, nevertheless she tried. In conclusion, Ellis feels her life is controlled by others in past years but she find herself and fighting to have independence and control over the events. However she cannot escape life is controlled, she feels everyone around her life want to control her, but through time her growing independence allows for Ellis have some self-control in her life.

Promote effective communication with individuals with sensory loss have worked with X for 2 years now and in that time, we have worked closely together on shift in the treatment room of the surgery. One specific occasion recently when I was working with X, she had accessed the computer system as normal to identify which patient was next. She brought-up the details of patient x and read information regarding the purpose of their appointment.

She also accessed the records relating to the person’s communication needs as she saw a ‘marker’ indicating that they had some specific communication needs as they were profoundly deaf. X discussed with me about the needs of this patient and asked me to be around on hand if she or the patient needed any extra support. She decided to use the side-room so that there was no distractions for when she was communicating. X also made sure that there was enough space to move safely and to enable her to use skills such as eye intact and so that the chair the patient would be sat in was facing her so she could see X and watch her talk if needed.

X also turned on the light, ensuring that she and her facial expressions and mouth could be seen clearly. X called the patient down to the treatment room to be seen. She greeted the patient at the door and gained eye contact with her firstly. Then X said ‘hello’ clearly to patient x and to the person with her. X quickly established that the person accompanying her could translate using BBS. X invited the patient and her translator into the side room for privacy. X used gestures and pointing to help enable the patient to understand where to sit.

X again established eye contact and spoke clearly, asking the patient how she prefers to communicate and if she is happy to have the translator present whilst she is receiving treatment. X waited for the other person to translate and the patient confirmed she was happy to communicate through the translator. X then proceeded to take a blood sample from patient x and throughout the task she made sure she could be seen by the patient and she knelt down whilst doing it to be at eye bevel. She talked to the patient during the procedure to reassure her and put her at ease.

X waited until the translator finished before speaking and also asked patient x if she understood, when X discussed the tests being done and other relevant and important information such as the patients date of birth for example. Once the procedure had finished, X thanked the patient and her translator and got some feedback from them about her good skills in terms Of her eye contact and clear speech. X said that she had not used a BBS renovator before so that’s why she kept checking that she (the patient) had understood.

Patient x agreed that she understood everything and was very happy with Ax’s treatment and her patience with the communication side of things. Spoke with X afterwards when she was updating the patient’s records and asked her how she felt it went. She said that at first she was unsure of how she was going to communicate with her but when she knew there was someone there to translate, she felt more at ease. X said that she found it strange talking to the patient but then the patient would look at the renovator; and then when X talked, the patient looked at the translator mostly.

X said at first she thinks that she spoke too quickly and so it was hard for both the patient and translator, but she said that she learned to slow down and would remember this for future. We also discussed BBS and said that only know the alphabet and how to say ‘thank you’ so X said that she is going to do some research about some basic signs to learn for when she meets that patient and others who also use BBS, again as part of her continual development.